Untersuchungen zum Gastransport in der Auflockerungszone in einem geologischen Endlager in Tongestein

Als Referenzszenario für diese Arbeit wird ein Gasdruckaufbau in der Nachbetriebsphase eines Endlagers für hochradioaktive Abfälle in Tongestein unterstellt. Es werden die für diesen Fall relvanten Stofftransportmechanismen in der Auflockerungszone unter Variierung szenariorelevanter identifiziert und deren jeweiliger Beitrag zum Gesamtstofftransport quantifiziert

Evaluation of anomaly detection capabilities using a non-orthogonal camera angle in pulse-phase thermography

Pulse-phase thermography (PPT) is widely used to nondestructively inspect internal defects in fiber reinforced polymers. However, the challenges using PPT for complex shapes is poorly documented in literature. Only small changes in the object distance have been considered. Complex parts can have significant variations in object distance and thus, in detected radiation. In this contribution, the effect of a non-orthogonal camera angle with respect to a flat sample, leading to varying object distances and an inhomogeneous sound background area in phasegrams, is investigated. Samples with artificial round and square defects of different sizes are positioned under varying angles with respect to the camera, representing geometric properties of complex parts. The construction of the thermographic system and the experimental setup to systematically vary the angle between camera and specimen is presented. We investigated the change of the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of artificial delaminations in PPT measurements under varying object distances. The SNR in a distance of 136 mm out of the focal plane is sufficiently high for image feature extraction. Phasegrams are exported to a colored representation, leading to a higher contrast in distinct color channels. An algorithm which extracts and merges defect information from three different color channels is developed. Challenging lighting conditions lead to a noisy background having artifacts. The developed filter performs better in defect detection and size quantification than a global or local threshold in grayscale phasegrams under those conditions

Deriving Collaboration Cases in Production Networks Considering Smart Services

The ongoing individualization of products forces companies to focus more on flexibility and adaptability. To achieve this, cooperating companies need to intensify their cooperation into collaboration. New types of collaboration are enabled by a wave of digitalization reducing organizational efforts and risks of collaboration. Especially smart services can be a medium to incentivize more interaction. This paper contributes a method to connect the loose ends from the study of collaboration on a strategic level to the digitalization trend on an operational level, representing all key aspects of a collaboration like relevant stakeholders, case of application and system interrelation

Fluid Automation - A Definition and an Application in Remanufacturing Production Systems

Production systems must be able to quickly adapt to changing requirements. Especially in the field of remanufacturing, the uncertainty in the state of the incoming products is very high. Several adaptation mechanisms can be applied leading to agile and changeable production systems. Among these, adapting the degree of automation with respect to changeover times and high investment costs is one of the most challenging mechanisms. However, not only long-term changes, but also short-term adaptations can lead to enormous potentials, e.g. when night shifts can be supported by robots and thus higher labor costs and unfavorable working conditions at night can be avoided. These changes in the degree of automation on an operational level are referred to as fluid automation, which will be defined in this paper. The mechanisms of fluid automation are presented together with a case study showing its application on a disassembly station for electrical drives

Approach for developing implementation strategies for circular economy in global production networks

Due to excess of resource consumption, circular economy (CE) aims to return products to the production life cycle in an economically and ecologically reasonable way. Yet, few approaches focus on the strategic and network level of CE. First, existing approaches regarding the configuration of CE networks and the development of appropriate business models are reviewed. Second, an approach on how to integrate both aspects is presented. By integrating these aspects, implementation strategies for CE in global production networks shall be developed facilitating strategic decisions. The approach is planned to be demonstrated in a German company supplying the automotive sector

Using smart services as a key enabler for collaboration in global production networks

Collaboration in global production networks becomes more important in times of increased interconnectivity and complexity. However, due to various resistors the collaboration potential has not been realized, yet. At the same time digitalization has become a key enabler in today’s world of high complexity leading to new, disruptive solutions. Part of digitalization are smart services, triggering incentives by including business models. This and further characteristics of smart services have the potential of overcoming the resistors of collaboration. In this paper an approach is proposed for developing collaborative relationships - from strategy and collaboration scenario modelling to a service-oriented implementation

Integrating product function design, production technology optimization and process equipment planning on the example of hybrid additive manufacturing

New technologies can yield high market potential, but also challenge engineering capabilities. For example, additive manufacturing enables unlimited freedom of design and economical production of small batch sizes. However, there are huge challenges: A large variety of new additive technologies, limited choice of materials and mostly high production cost as result of long production time. Since today’s production requires an economical implementation, focus needs to be on hybrid production, which combines the advantages of additive and conventional manufacturing technologies. This requires an integrated optimization of the product design, the manufacturing technology chain and the operative equipment. The following paper presents an approach for this integrated planning approach with the aim of economically feasible hybrid production. In general, the interdependencies between product and manufacturing technology need to be used for optimization in early stages of the product life cycle. To achieve a high customer value, the product requirements have to be analyzed in detail to find an optimal product function, but also to identify degrees of design freedom, which do not influence product function and, thus, can be adapted to optimize production. Moreover, possible changes in the capabilities of manufacturing technologies and, subsequently, operative equipment and machines can be anticipated to further enhance the production. After identifying optimal combinations of product design and manufacturing technology chains, the selection and optimal configuration of the operative equipment is necessary and needs to be validate based on the final product design. The integration of product design, manufacturing technology optimization and operative process planning enables companies to identify and realize high economic potential early in their value creation process and thus can contribute to improving competitiveness

A New Model for the Milky Way Bar

We use Schwarzschild's orbit-superposition technique to construct self-consistent models of the Galactic bar. Using $\chi^2$ minimisation, we find that the best-fit Galactic bar model has a pattern speed $\Omega_{\rm p}=60 \rm{km s^{-1} kpc^{-1}}$, disk mass $\rm{M_{\rm d}=1.0\times10^{11}M_{\odot}}$ and bar angle $\theta_{\rm bar}=20^{\circ}$ for an adopted bar mass $\rm{M_{\rm bar}=2\times10^{10}M_{\odot}}$. The model can reproduce not only the three-dimensional and projected density distributions but also velocity and velocity dispersion data from the BRAVA survey. We also predict the proper motions in the range $l=[-12^{\circ},12^{\circ}]$, $b=[-10^{\circ},10^{\circ}]$, which appear to be higher than observations in the longitudinal direction. The model is stable within a timescale of 0.5 Gyr, but appears to deviate from steady-state on longer timescales. Our model can be further tested by future observations such as those from GAIA.Comment: 16 pages, 21 figures, 5 tables. Accepted for publication in MNRA

Geodesy and metrology with a transportable optical clock

partially_open24openGrotti, Jacopo; Koller, Silvio; Vogt, Stefan; Häfner, Sebastian; Sterr, Uwe; Lisdat, Christian; Denker, Heiner; Voigt, Christian; Timmen, Ludger; Rolland, Antoine; Baynes, Fred N.; Margolis, Helen S.; Zampaolo, Michel; Thoumany, Pierre; Pizzocaro, Marco; Rauf, Benjamin; Bregolin, Filippo; Tampellini, Anna; Barbieri, Piero; Zucco, Massimo; Costanzo, Giovanni A.; Clivati, Cecilia; Levi, Filippo; Calonico, DavideGrotti, Jacopo; Koller, Silvio; Vogt, Stefan; Häfner, Sebastian; Sterr, Uwe; Lisdat, Christian; Denker, Heiner; Voigt, Christian; Timmen, Ludger; Rolland, Antoine; Baynes, Fred N.; Margolis, Helen S.; Zampaolo, Michel; Thoumany, Pierre; Pizzocaro, Marco; Rauf, Benjamin; Bregolin, Filippo; Tampellini, Anna; Barbieri, Piero; Zucco, Massimo; Costanzo, Giovanni A.; Clivati, Cecilia; Levi, Filippo; Calonico, David